Periodic table

The periodic table is made up of elements, and has 7 periods, and 18 groups. It is arranged by the number 0f protons in its nucleus, in ascending order. If the number of electrons in the element's valence shell is stable, it will not react so easily. Also, for groups 0, and groups 7, they react easily, because they are one electron less of being stable.

Relations with chemistry

For example, Hydrogen which has 1 electron, is able to react easily with the element chlorine, which is lacking 1 electron to being stable, will result in an ionic reaction. The one proton from Hydrogen will be shared with the chlorine element, and one from the chlorine will be shared and Hydrogen would have 2 electrons in its valence shell, and the Chlorine would have 8 electrons in the valence shell of it.

The types of reactions:

Ionic reaction (organic with metal)

Organic reaction (organic with organic)

Metallic reaction (metal with metal)

Term 1 topic

Topic: atomic strucuters.

Materials are made up from atoms which form together. There are a few types, including giant covalent structures, ionic structures, metallic and molecular.

A simple example would be salt. Yes this is a common thing that can be found easily. When seen under a microscrope, we can see the salt crystals which are mostly made up of cubes, although they are not always the same, but they are similar.
Giant metallic:
particles in structure are atoms
types of substances include Metals and alloys(mixture of metals)
examples: Na, Fe, Cu, steel, brass

Giant covalent:
Types of structure in atoms, very large molecule containing thousands of atoms
Types of substances, Non-metals or non-metal compounds
Examples, Diamond(carbon, C), polythene, sand(silicon dioxide, SiO2)


Giant ionic:
particles in the structure, Ions
Types of substances, compounds of metals with non-metals
examples NaCl(salt), Ca2O2(lime dioxide)

Simple molecular:
Particles in the structure, small molecules containg a few atoms.
Types of substance Non-metals of non-metal compounds.
Examples I2(iodine), O2(0xygen), H2O (water), CO2 (carbon dioxide).

Metal properties.



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